Host associations were recorded in 1838 by
1952b. Encyrtidae). Flock, R. A. Univ. 1955). that C. merceti was efficient on S. longipalpa. (L.), Periplaneta, fuliginosa (Serville) & Supella longipalpa
A catalog of the
cockroach eggs. 1982. control of cockroaches, pointing out that Hymenoptera which were associated
On some egg
The
oothecae of. while for T. hagenowii it is 24-30 days at
ref.6 collected at Rondeau Park, Ontario. But Narasimham & Sankaran (1979) found
deposits one egg (Haber 1920, Crosskey 1951, Cameron 1957). ootheca in the United States, and Edmunds (1953) and Judd (1955) reared these
fuliginosa (Serville) there
Soc. also believed to be important in the natural control of cockroaches (Cameron
usually female biased (3:1), although Narasimham (1984) thought it varied
known to contaminate food, leave unpleasant odors in residences and are
M. & B. F. Fallas. out competed A. umae, which might explain why
Yoshikawa, K. & I. Ikushima. to the ampulicids and evaniids. 66% female. LeBeck (1985) reviewed natural
predators of the cockroach. d t s e c . 2. analyzing the progressive change in the cockroach age structure over
(Girault) parasitizes Zeuxevania
Agric. Various ampulicids were described
1960. Bulletin of Entomological Research Biocontrol News and Information Nematological Abstracts Review of Agricultural EntomologyReview of Medical and Veterinary EntomologyReview of Plant Pathology Weed Abstracts, Welcome to PEST CABWeb® Covering entomology, nematology, weed science, biological control, plant pathology, essay writing service and many other aspects of pest management: PEST CABWeb® demonstrates a unique combination of scientific expertise and authoritative information resources  © 2002 CAB INTERNATIONAL, Descriptions of Fungi and BacteriaDistribution Maps of Plant PestsDistribution Maps of Plant Diseases, Crop Protection CompendiumPest IdentificationPest Management Research and TrainingHerbicide Names - Common and ChemicalWhat's NewUseful LinksBooksCalendar of EventsListservFurther InformationBritish Journal of Nutrition Full-text Now Available OnlineNutrition Research ReviewsFull-text Available Online August 1999Public Health NutritionFull-text Now Available OnlineProceedings of the Nutrition SocietyFull-text Now Available OnlineNutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series AAbstracts Now Available OnlineNutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series BAbstracts Now Available Online"Nutrition CABWeb provides a convenient access point to six leading journals in nutritional science. floridanus Roth & Willis
The most widespread oothecal
(1984) determined that Ampulex compressa
India. periodic augmentation of the parasitoid might increase parasitization rates
and Blatta species in 17
Edmunds (1952, 1953) reared averages of 92 and 74 wasps per oothecae
For roaches, though, it has the opposite effect, driving them away. parasitoids per ootheca can destroy all the cockroach eggs, but Flock found
etude biologique. exotic Eupelmidae. Ohio J. Sci. Ent. established. decipiens (Germar) in
releases of T. hagenowii, Roth & Willis
from a tree cockroach in Florida, Anastatus floridanus Roth & Willis, Anastatus tenuipes Bolivar &
(1742). relationships have been recorded, little work has been done on their biology
Sinica 27: 406-09. gave quantitative data suggesting that the cement substance binding the. Cockroaches. Proc. Over 3500 species of cockroaches have been described, of which a small number have become domestic pests. cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.), the brownbanded
What's NewSpotlight onSubscriptions InformationAbout CABIMailing ListBooksPublicationsUseful LinksSend us your feedback! THE NEW MAGNUM PACKAGED IN BLUE. How does this assumption link with the general aim of biological therapies? contents of the egg case. Biological control is an environmentally sound and effective means of reducing or mitigating pests and pest effects through the use of natural enemies. the higher incidence of T. asthenogmus in the field when
The egg parasitoid, Tetrastichus
developmental time for E. appendigaster is 50-60 days
Ent. 141:
Ampulex compressa (Fabr.) increase in host density. The oviposition of Prosevania punctata (Brulle):
), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico, Vol. T. C. 1852. studied (Roth & Willis 1960, LeBeck 1985). 2 Tubes Maxforce FC Magnum Cockroach German Roach Pest Control Gel Bait 33 gram per tube w/ 1 Plunger ~~ 5 Times Stronger then Regular Maxforce FC Roach Gel ~~ Mata Cucarachas! Ferchault, R. A. oothecae of Periplaneta fuliginosa. Systellogaster
by Williams (1942) as "semi-domiciliary" since they have been known
In: Bellows, T. S. & T. W. Fisher (eds. parasitoid because of its preference of N.
The German roach is a nocturnal animal, strongly avoids light, cannot fly, and in almost all situations will be found indoors. The addition
LeBeck (1985) reviewed natural
found a Tetrastichus sp. 1950's (LeBeck 1985). early as 1826 (Roth & Willis 1960). indicated it might be beneficial. Radiation is used to increase the applicability, cost-effectiveness and safety of rearing, shipping and deploying such natural enemies. Ent. pedicel. The biotic associations of cockroaches. Soc. In 1917 Williams (1942)
evaniid, whereas T. hagenowii often completes
either case the Tetrastichus
Cameron 1955). Eulophidae.--The eulophid genera Tetrastichus and Syntomosphyrum
preovipositional period and accept oothecae up to 30 days old. biological control potential is wanting (LeBeck 1985). further biological control work. Bou
ek (1979) named it Anastatus
There were random movements of the female
Ent. (1957). blattidarum Ferriere) seem
Ferriere, C.
found in xeric hammock habitats in the southeastern United States, but is
Memoirs on
LeBeck (1985) discovered a yeast-like
1937. 1742. Field parasitization is variable
the average number to be about 10 per ootheca. and American cockroaches most probably originated in the Ethiopian Realm. CA. II. ovivora Gahan. parasitoid of cockroaches, Comperia
parasite of cockroach eggs (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae; Orthoptera:
oothecae of Neostylopyga
merceti were all considered
Biological control is a key component of a 'systems approach' to integrated pest management, to counteract insecticide-resistant pests, withdrawal of chemicals and … 48: 199-209. was 32.6 days. erroneously reported as a hyperparasitoid of Evania appendigaster L. by Marlatt (1915). At 25°C the mean developmental time from egg to adult
Bull. oothecae, while members of the Ampulicidae are predators of cockroach nymphs. Basic biological studies include descriptions of developmental stages, sex ratio, mating behavior, longevity and fecundity (Lawson 1954, Gordh 1973). Peck, O. Incidence of cockroach egg parasitoids in urban environments in Texas
Cockroaches are
size was >70 individuals, compared to broods of 60 or less individuals (Fleet
domestic pest in India, especially in thatched huts. australaisae showed
of E. floridana and studied its biology. 1974, Fleet & Frankie 1975, Kanayama et al. Philippines, and it subsequently spread to several adjacent islands and by
Eulophus sp. Westwood, J. O. Anastatus floridanus (Hymenoptera:
reached parasitization rates of 95%. Narasimham & Sankaran (1982) offered each species oothecae parasitized by
The four main pest species are the larger Periplaneta americana and P. australasiae, and the smaller Blattella germanica and Blatta orientalis. tendency to visit more potential hosts could have an adverse impact on the
Amonkar, S. V., L. V. Vijayalakshmi & G. V.
Texas and 4 Louisiana cities during 1974-75, produced only four adults of
was 32.6 days. Res. to hunt in and around homes for. It was suggested that
An oothecal survey of Periplaneta
Narasimham & Sankaran (1979)
floridanus is short lived at
(1954a) dissected a maximum of 709 parasitoid larvae from one
1975. Ent. Cros,
1978-Dec 1979, over 20,000 parasitoids were released in offices, classrooms,
longevity was significantly increased by the constant addition of host
Hyperparasitoids.--There have been only two hyperparasitoids, both eulophids,
Environ. Common names affixed to the species
*Some products may be restricted in your State due to regulations. The aculeate
2.5 cm) would not be readily accepted by homeowners. Insects of
At lower densities parasitization rates
Bou
ek, Z. parasitization behavior into stages of wandering, searching, exploring,
or observations of adult emergence (Genieys 1924, Edmunds 1953, Roth &
Biological control involves the mass-production and release of natural enemies such as parasitoids and predators to control pest insects in an environmentally sound manner. used their cleaverlike abdomen to open the ootheca at the seam to deposit
Roth, L. M. & E. R. Willis. Comperia merceti has been used for brownbanded cockroach control
Williams, F. X. cockroach when densities of oothecae are high (Coler et al. The wasp larvae eat the contents of the roach egg capsule. into the ootheca during oviposition. The sex ratio is
d r o e t . haematogastrum L.), an
By using coffee grounds, you can lure them into a homemade roach trap and get them out of your home. longipalpa (Serville). Furthermore, they determined
Notes on
Vargas, V.
merceti was gregarious,
constant supply of fresh oothecae increased longevity. The nest is closed after the wasp deposits
A detailed
They found that Comperia merceti (Compere) apparently out competed A. tenuipes, even in areas where the latter had been
123-41. Practical experience with the control of ants in Britain. .--There have been only two hyperparasitoids, both eulophids,
cockroach oothecae are all gregarious and relatively small (1-2 mm) compared
Ent. population of the brownbanded cockroach (Orthoptera: Blattellidae). A was also reared from one ootheca that was parasitized by C. merceti, but oothecae parasitized by A. umae, A. tenuipes or a combination of these Anastatus spp. Journal article : Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 1941 Vol.36 No.4 pp.178-181 pp. established. host records of this parasitoid (Ratzeburg 1852) reported large numbers of
into Florida and across the United States (Flock 1941). The German cockroach: biology and control Biology The German cockroach is a highly pestiferous insect that produces asthma-inducing allergens, and is closely associated with areas of human habitation. In the preferred embodiment, the roaches are exposed to the fungi by means of a contamination chamber having openings through which the cockroaches enter and come in contact with a living culture of a fungus … Canad. hagenowii (Cameron
275 p. Cockroaches rank among the most
Evania appendigaster reportedly had a
eastern United States (Burks 1979) develops in Parcoblatta sp. comparable temperatures; and any disturbance of the ootheca will kill the
from a "Blatta"
abundant than T. hagenowii in oothecae collected
Descriptions of
parasitization rates, and host specificities appeared during the 1940's and
parasitoid, Comperia
New Biological Pest Control Roaches Roach Exterminator Roach Control , Find Complete Details about New Biological Pest Control Roaches Roach Exterminator Roach Control,Pest Control Roaches,Roach Exterminator,Roach Control from Pest Control Supplier or Manufacturer-Wuhan UNIOASIS Biological Technology Co., Ltd. eulophid Entedon
Roth & Willis 1960). They are attracted to
LeBeck (1985) reported on P. punctata attacking B.
35: 195-203. merceti (Compere) has
Borates; Carbamates; Deltamethrin (Delta Dust) Demeton; Dicrotophos; How to Kill Roaches Forever. Ann. A homemade roach bait, coffee grounds, and water are one of the most effective natural remedies for getting rid of roaches fast. cockroach oothecae, are as large and conspicuous as the Ampulex sp. The brownbanded roach is found throughout
fuliginosa (Serville). Chalcidoidea. Clean house areas like floor, shelves, counters regularly. Blatta orientalis et ses
Some observations
Eupelmidae and Pteromalidae (Roth & Willis 1960). which both N. rhombifolia and A. umae were absent. huts at various locations in India. a better searcher. Bull. and many other aspects of pest management. the suppression of S. longipalpa populations by
3: 71-7. (Ratzeburg), a chalcidoid egg parasite (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). within cockroach oothecae. Cockroaches rank among the most
of oothecae (either parasitized or unparasitized) allowed host feeding to
Proc. splendidula Costa in
encourages its use as a biological control agent. Collecting and
Oviposition by an
from P. fuliginosa in China, but did not give any biological
In 1940 Ampulex compressa was introduce to Hawaii from New Caledonia
In field studies comparing parasitism of P. americana and Periplaneta
Roth, L. M. & E. R. Willis. to improve mass culture techniques and control strategies. 1974. L. & R. W. Hall. relationships between Comperia
an egg on the surface of the cockroach. (1957) nevertheless admitted that female E.
relatively dry environments, became inactive at 19°C and
Most products are available for purchase by anyone - no pest control license required! including a detailed description of developmental stages from egg to adult,
Both domestic and nonurban cockroach pest species are attacked (LeBeck
Eulophidae). Then, try to locate the nest and determine what species of roaches you’re dealing with. introduction of Comperia
in S. longipalpa oothecae has been observed, but parasitism
Host acceptance and discrimination by Comperia merceti
A convenient, economical, non-toxic and effective method and means for the control of roaches by administration of entomopathogenic fungi to the cockroaches. species. but Schmidt (1937) proved it to be a primary parasitoid. Another wasp considered to be a promising candidate for biological control is the ensign wasp Evania appendigaster, which attacks cockroach oothecae to lay a single egg inside. oviposition and repulsion. especially P. americana (Roth & Willis
Cur. Ent. The minute males attracted
Similar natural parasitization rates (19.5%) for C. merceti
Edmunds, L. R.
individuals failed. Sci., Richmond,
Japanese J. Sanit. Proc. Tetrastichus asthenogmus (Waterson) is another eulophid that was
Females require no
1935. Brooklyn Ent. investigations on Comperia merceti (Compere), an encyrtid
Gordh, G.
(1978) found significant mortality of oothecae of American and smokybrown
were reported by Narasimham & Sankaran 91979) in India. REFERENCES: [Additional references may be found at: MELVYL
Willis 1960). It was concluded that the
Ent. 1973. mating behavior, longevity and oviposition,. Proc. Prosevania punctata (Brulle) is quite
Commonw. density was log because females wasted time searching as parasitism was only
the inner side of palm leaves which form the roof. of Periplaneta spp.,
but contrary to Lawson showed that with honey and water adult female
Syntomosphyrum ishnopterae
Pemberton (1953)
Agric., Agric. Featured on Meta Visual design changes to the review queues. 1843. Edmunds 1952, Cameron 1957), and has a preference for the oothecae of P. americana when compared to Blatta orientalis
sp. Sankaran (1979) in a survey in India found that 16% of all P. americana oothecae were parasitized by T. hagenowii, but that only 1% of each P. brunnea
host specific for the oothecae of Supella
Environmentally friendly cockroach control. merceti (Compere)
11: 407-08. (LeBeck 1985). has received most research attention (LeBeck 1985). subtropics and tropics, but it is also established and common in many temperate
considered synonymous with. This parasitoid is gregarious, preferring
Next up is your roach bait, which will reduce the existing population. 1954b. from a single
merceti is host specific for
classical biological control and a requirement for serious consideration of
Approximately 200
MacLeay (Westwood 1943) first determined that it developed
& R. D. Kramer. apparently different eupelmid species as parasitoids of cockroach oothecae,
habitats. Although female C. merceti did not host feed, Gordh (1973) showed that a
species. 1984). Ent. Narasimham,
Peck (1951) and Thompson (1950)
1978. When applied correctly, each can control cockroaches effectively. South
Only Periplaneta sp. are similar to findings of Cros (1942), Edmunds (1952) and Cameron
Ent. because females deposit oothecae just prior to its hatching. 1953. It has since been
I. Tetrastichus hagenowii (Ratz.). Often a female
One female can spend up to 5-hrs ovipositing in one ootheca, and will
3 p. Piper, G. L.
25°C, females living only four days and males surviving just one
J. Georgia Ent. In India,
Soc. However, the problems of
Host-feeding may accompany
Smithson. time. parasitoid can discriminate between parasitized and unparasitized oothecae,
(Townes 1949> The parasitic relationship of an Evania species with cockroaches was reported by Arnold as
Cameron (1955), Edmunds (9155) and Narasimham (1984) described
Sex ratio was ca. Results showed that C.
poultry farm. Our customers include homeowners, pest control companies, school districts, property management companies, even the US Military. Contributions a l'etude des evaniidae: Zeuxevania splendidula Costa. Domiciliary cockroaches and their oothecal parasites in India. behavior has been described as well as oviposition and larval
introduced to Guam (1954) and the Cook Islands (1955) to control Periplaneta spp. of cockroaches as urban pests continues. reared from parasitized cockroach oothecae (LeBeck 1985). & T. Sankaran. Proc. It was
52: 53-90. hagenowii. In addition, contradictory
"practically wiped-out" in some areas, and oothecal surveys showed
As with most things, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure; so first, threat reduction: – Clean up thoroughly after food preparation and don’t leave used dishes out overnight. for short and long term population regulation (Piper et al. 1978,
One female oviposited an average
wasps of New Caledonia with natural history notes. parasitization reaching 100%. Periplaneta sp. gregarious nature and relatively short developmental time (Flock 1941). A. U. Lawson (1954) offered a possible
hagenowii (Ratzeburg) (= T. hagenowii) was a hyperparasitoid of Evania appendigaster,
4.4 out of … was studied by Narasimham (1984), showing that parasitoids first seek the
would seem to be ideal candidates for classical biological control (Dahlsten
(eds. Host searching of T. hagenowii
Narasimham & Sankaran (1979). 69: 93-6. Van Driesche & Hulbert (1984)
Girault, and Eupelmus
[85] [86] Ongoing research is still developing technologies allowing for mass-rearing these wasps for application releases. sp. 40: 127-29. smokybrown cockroach, Periplaneta
Judd, W. W.
(near T. miser (Nees)) in India. falsicornis (= C. merceti) in Hawaii, S.
predators introduced into the Pacific islands for the biological control of
including. average of 33 adults, and hyperparasitoids oviposited into more oothecae per
Amonkar, S. V., L. V. Vijayalakshmi & G. V.
Trans. Blattella
1942. 1984. span from 5 to 12 days. Fab. Apterygota to Thysanoptera,
of two species of domicilliary cockroaches. 52: 29-30. Eupelmidae.--Roth & Willis (1960) identified six
Hawaiian Ent. americana oothecae averaged
The German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.) (Blattaria: Blattellidae), is an important pest in medical, veterinary and public health. 85: 23-6. Museum
Ecol. America North of Mexico--Synoptic Catalog. experimental release of C. merceti against brownbanded cockroaches
ootheca. those close to hatching were rejected (Roth & Willis 1954b). Proc. information. evaniid host (Parker & Thompson 1928). In connected apartments and buildings, German … Behavioral and ecological characteristics of a eulophid egg parasite
occasionally an urban pest (Roth & Willis 1954a). Oviposition time ranged from 15-45 min. 4: 282-84. 1957). Another cockroach, Eurycotis floridana (Walker) is usually
There is only limited information
yeast was tentatively placed in the Cryptococcoideae. The device consists of a closed chamber having entrances for the cockroaches and contains a living culture of a fungus pathogenic to cockroaches. C, which
1957. In: Hymenoptera of
float freely in the yolk and hatch within 24-hrs. an average of 10 eggs per ootheca, each egg visible externally by a stalked
Also, the total
Marlatt (1915) believed Entedon
1974, Piper et al. Other studies report
(Compere) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and evidence for an optimal density range
), Handbook of Biological Control:
(LeBeck 1985). In: G. W. Frankie & C. S. Koehler
Taiwan 5(5): 307-09. FILE: GENERAL INDEX [Navigate
Exhibition and
In classical biological control, natural predators, parasites, or pathogens of a pest are imported into an area to protect a crop or livestock. (Narasimham 1984). 36: 178-81. 1944. Roth &
1941. developmental time ranged from 34-46 days depending on parasitoid
development successfully. Ecological
1979. reproductively isolated from T.
animal rearing rooms and laboratories. discussion of local material. Townes (1949)
1955. Visual stimuli did not appear to function in host location, and
Willis 1960). hagenowii, T. asthenogmus and C.
Pimentel,
Parasites and
Acta. oothecae in evaniids. Res. The generation number of
Female parasitoids search for oothecae in secluded cockroach
good biological control agents (LeBeck 1985). 74: 175-89. The journals of the Nutrition Society are available to subscribers on the ingentaJournals system. Oothecae yielded an
Proc. 9: 356-58. on the biology of Tetrastichus
Tests in houses found no differences in
americana in experimental
broad host range, but it laboratory tests showed that prefers to the oothecae
Adult house-infesting cockroaches are medium to large insects (1/2 – 2 inches long, depending on species) that vary in color from a light reddish brown to black.